Magetsi heater chinhu chakakurumbira chemagetsi kupisa midziyo.Inoshandiswa kupisa, kuchengetedza kupisa uye kupisa kwemvura inoyerera uye gaseous media.Kana iyo yekudziya yepakati ichipfuura nemukamuri yekudziya yemagetsi heater pasi pechiito chekumanikidza, musimboti wemvura thermodynamics unoshandiswa kubvisa zvakafanana kupisa kukuru kunogadzirwa nemagetsi ekupisa chinhu, kuitira kuti tembiricha yepakati inopisa inogona kusangana. zvinodiwa zvetekinoroji zvemushandisi.
Resistance Heating
Shandisa iyo Joule mhedzisiro yemagetsi ikozvino kushandura simba remagetsi kuita rinopisa simba kupisa zvinhu.Kazhinji yakakamurwa kuita yakananga kuramba kudziyisa uye isina kunanga kuramba kudziyisa.Iyo magetsi emagetsi ekutanga anoshandiswa zvakananga kune chinhu chinopisa, uye kana paine ikozvino kuyerera, chinhu chinopisa (senge simbi yekudziya yemagetsi) ichapisa.Zvinhu zvinogona kuve zvakananga resistively kudziyisa zvinofanirwa kunge zviri ma conductor ane high resistivity.Sezvo kupisa kunogadzirwa kubva kune chinhu chinopisa pachako, ndeyekupisa kwemukati, uye kushanda kwekushisa kwakanyanya kwazvo.Indirect resistance heat heat inoda yakakosha alloy zvinhu kana zvisiri-metallic zvinhu kuti zvigadzire zvinhu zvekupisa, izvo zvinogadzira kupisa simba uye kuriendesa kune chinopisa chinhu kuburikidza nemwaranzi, convection uye conduction.Sezvo chinhu chinopisa uye chinhu chekupisa chakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri, mhando dzezvinhu zvekupisa kazhinji hadzina kuganhurirwa, uye kushanda kuri nyore.
Izvo zvinoshandiswa pakudziya kwechinhu chekudziya kweyakajeka kupokana kupisa kazhinji kunoda yakakwira resistivity, diki tembiricha coefficient yekupokana, diki deformation pakupisa kwakanyanya uye hazvisi nyore kumisikidza.Inowanzo shandiswa zvinhu zvesimbi zvakadai sesimbi-aluminium alloy, nickel-chromium alloy, uye zvisiri zvesimbi zvakadai sesilicon carbide uye molybdenum disilicide.Kushanda tembiricha yesimbi yekudziya zvinhu inogona kusvika 1000～1500℃ zvichienderana nerudzi rwezvinhu;tembiricha yekushanda yeasiri-simbi yekudziya zvinhu inogona kusvika 1500～1700℃.Iyo yekupedzisira iri nyore kuisa uye inogona kutsiviwa nechoto chinopisa, asi inoda voltage regulator kana ichishanda, uye hupenyu hwayo hupfupi pane iyo alloy kupisa zvinhu.Inowanzo shandiswa mumavira ekupisa, nzvimbo dzinopfuura tembiricha inobvumirwa kushanda yesimbi yekudziya zvinhu uye dzimwe nguva dzakakosha.
Induction Heating
Iyo conductor pachayo inodziya neiyo thermal effect inoumbwa neiyo induced current (eddy current) inogadzirwa neconductor mune alternating electromagnetic field.Zvinoenderana neakasiyana ekudziya maitiro ezvinodiwa, kuwanda kwemagetsi eAC anoshandiswa mukudziya kwekudziya kunosanganisira simba frequency (50-60 Hz), yepakati frequency (60-10000 Hz) uye yakakwirira frequency (yakakwira kupfuura 10000 Hz).Iyo magetsi frequency magetsi magetsi ndeye AC magetsi anowanzo kushandiswa muindasitiri, uye mazhinji emagetsi frequency munyika ndeye 50 Hz.Iyo voltage inoshandiswa kune induction mudziyo nemagetsi frequency simba rekupa induction heat inofanirwa kuchinjika.Maererano nesimba remagetsi ekupisa uye kukwanisa kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi, magetsi emagetsi akakwirira (6-10 kV) anogona kushandiswa kupa simba kuburikidza nekushandura;midziyo yekudziya inogonawo kubatanidzwa zvakananga kune 380-volt low-voltage power grid.
Iyo yepakati frequency magetsi magetsi akashandisa yepakati frequency jenareta yakatarwa kwenguva yakareba.Iyo ine yepakati frequency jenareta uye inotyaira asynchronous mota.Simba rekubuda remayuniti akadaro rinowanzo muhuwandu hwe50 kusvika 1000 kilowatts.Nekuvandudzwa kwesimba remagetsi tekinoroji, thyristor inverter yepakati frequency magetsi magetsi akashandiswa.Iyi yepakati frequency magetsi magetsi anoshandisa thyristor kutanga kushandura simba frequency alternating ikozvino kuita yakananga ikozvino, uyezve kushandura yakananga ikozvino kuita inochinjanisa ikozvino yeinodiwa frequency.Nekuda kwehukuru hudiki, huremu huremu, hapana ruzha, kushanda kwakavimbika, nezvimwe zveiyi frequency shanduko midziyo, zvishoma nezvishoma yakatsiva yepakati frequency generator set.
Iyo yakakwira-frequency magetsi inowanzo shandisa transformer kusimudza matatu-phase 380 volt voltage kune yakakwira voltage inosvika zviuru makumi maviri volts, uye yobva yashandisa thyristor kana yakakwira-voltage silicon rectifier kugadzirisa magetsi frequency alternating ikozvino mune yakananga ikozvino, uye wozoshandisa yemagetsi oscillator chubhu kugadzirisa simba remagetsi.Yakananga ikozvino inoshandurwa kuita yakakwira frequency, yakakwira voltage alternating ikozvino.Simba rinobuda remagetsi emagetsi epamusoro-soro rinobva pamakumi e kilowatts kusvika kumazana e kilowatts.
Zvinhu zvinopisa nekupinza zvinofanirwa kunge zviri makondakita.Kana high-frequency alternating current ichipfuura nemuitisi, conductor inogadzira ganda rinoita, kureva kuti, dhizaini yemazuva ano pamusoro pemuitisi yakakura, uye huwandu huripo huri pakati pemuitisi huduku.
Induction heat inogona kufanana kupisa chinhu chacho chose uye pamusoro pedenga;inogona kunhuwa simbi;muhuwandu hwepamusoro, shandura chimiro chekupisa coil (inozivikanwawo seinductor), uye inogonawo kuita zvekupisa kwenzvimbo.
Arc Heating
Shandisa tembiricha yepamusoro inogadzirwa nearc kupisa chinhu.Arc ndiyo chiitiko chekubuda kwegasi pakati pema electrode maviri.Mhepo yearc haina kukwirira asi ikozvino yakakura kwazvo, uye simba rayo rakasimba rinochengetwa nenhamba yakawanda yeioni yakasvibiswa pa electrode, saka arc inobatwa nyore nyore neyakakomberedza magnetic field.Kana arc ikaumbwa pakati pema electrode, tembiricha yearc column inogona kusvika 3000-6000K, iyo inokodzera kunyungudutsa-kupisa kwesimbi.
Kune marudzi maviri ekudziya kwearc, yakananga uye isina kunanga arc kudziyisa.Iyo arc ikozvino yearc inodziya yakananga inopfuura nepakati pechinhu chinofanira kupisa, uye chinhu chinopisa chinofanira kunge chiri electrode kana yepakati yearc.Iyo arc ikozvino yekupisa isina kunanga arc haipfuuri nechinhu chinopisa, uye inonyanya kupiswa nekupisa kunopisa nearc.Hunhu hwekudziya kwearc ndeiyi: yakakwira arc tembiricha uye yakadzika simba.Zvisinei, ruzha rwearc rwakakura, uye maitiro ayo e-volt-ampere maitiro asina kunaka ekupikisa (kudonha maitiro).Kuti uchengetedze kugadzikana kwearc kana arc ichipisa, kukosha kwepakarepo kwemhepo yedunhu yakakura kudarika arc-starting voltage value apo arc current inoyambuka zero pakarepo, uye kuitira kuderedza nguva pfupi-circuit current. inopikisa yehumwe kukosha inofanira kubatanidzwa mumutsara mumagetsi emagetsi.
Electron Beam Heating
Pamusoro pechinhu chinopisa nekubhomba pamusoro pechinhu nemaerekitironi achifamba nespeed yakanyanya pasi pekuita kwenzvimbo yemagetsi.Chinhu chikuru chekudziya kwe electron beam i electron beam jenareta, inozivikanwawo se electron gun.Iyo electron pfuti inonyanya kuumbwa cathode, condenser, anode, electromagnetic lens uye deflection coil.Iyo anode yakadzikwa, iyo cathode yakabatanidzwa kune yakaipa yakakwirira chinzvimbo, danda rakatariswa rinowanzo pane imwe chete inogona kufanana necathode, uye inomhanyisa munda wemagetsi inoumbwa pakati pecathode neanode.Maerekitironi anobudiswa necathode anokwidziridzwa kusvika pakumhanya kwakanyanya pasi pechiito chemunda wemagetsi arikuchimbidzika, anotariswa nelenzi remagetsi, obva adzorwa necoil yekutsaudzira, kuitira kuti danda reerekitironi rinonangidzirwa kuchinhu chinopisa mune chimwe chinhu. direction.
Zvakanakira maerekitironi danda kudziyisa ndeiyi: (1) Nekudzora ukoshi hwazvino Ie weyerekitironi danda, simba rekupisa rinogona kuchinjwa nyore uye nekukurumidza;(2) Chikamu chinopisa chinogona kushandurwa zvakasununguka kana nzvimbo yechikamu chakabhombwa ne electron beam inogona kugadziridzwa zvakasununguka nekushandisa electromagnetic lens;Wedzera huwandu hwemagetsi kuitira kuti zvinhu zviri panzvimbo yakabhombwa zvibude pakarepo.
Infrared Heating
Kushandisa infrared mwaranzi kupenya zvinhu, mushure mekunge chinhu chatora mwaranzi ye infrared, inoshandura simba rinopenya kuita simba rekupisa uye rinopisa.
Infrared is electromagnetic wave.Mune solar spectrum, kunze kwemugumo mutsvuku wechiedza chinooneka, isimba risingaoneki rinopenya.Mune electromagnetic spectrum, wavelength yeranzi infrared iri pakati pe0.75 ne1000 microns, uye frequency renji iri pakati pe3 × 10 uye 4 × 10 Hz.Mukushandiswa kwemaindasitiri, iyo infrared spectrum inowanzo kukamurwa kuita mabhendi akati wandei: 0.75-3.0 microns ari pedyo-infrared matunhu;3.0-6.0 microns inzvimbo dzepakati-infrared;6.0-15.0 microns inzvimbo dziri kure-infrared;15.0-1000 microns inzvimbo dziri kure-infrared Area.Zvinhu zvakasiyana zvine hunyanzvi hwakasiyana hwekutora maranzi e infrared, uye kunyange chinhu chimwe chete chine hunyanzvi hwakasiyana hwekutora miradhi ye infrared yewavelengths akasiyana.Naizvozvo, mukushandiswa kwekudziya kwe infrared, yakakodzera infrared radiation sosi inofanirwa kusarudzwa zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechinhu chinopisa, kuitira kuti simba remwaranzi rinyanyiswe mukutora wavelength yechinhu chinopisa, kuitira kuti uwane kupisa kwakanaka. effect.
Magetsi infrared kudziyisa imhando yakakosha yekudzivirira kudziyisa, kureva kuti, radiation sosi inogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakaita se tungsten, iron-nickel kana nickel-chromium alloy seradiator.Kana yapihwa simba, inoburitsa mwaranzi yekupisa nekuda kwekudziisa kwayo.Anowanzo shandiswa emagetsi infrared kudziyisa mwaranzi masosi mhando mwenje (reflection mhando), chubhu mhando (quartz chubhu mhando) uye ndiro mhando (planar mhando).Rudzi rwemwenje igirobhu reinfrared rine tungsten filament seradiyeta, uye tungsten filament yakavharirwa mugomba regirazi rakazadzwa negasi inert, kungofanana negirobhu remwenje.Mushure mekunge radiator yasimbiswa, inogadzira kupisa (tembiricha yakadzikira pane yemarabhu emwenje), nekudaro ichiburitsa huwandu hukuru hwemwaranzi infrared ine wavelength inosvika 1.2 microns.Kana chiratidziro chakaputirwa pamadziro emukati megoko regirazi, iwo maranzi e infrared anogona kunyudzwa uye kuvhenekerwa mune imwe nzira, saka mwenje-mhando infrared radiation sosi inonziwo inoratidzira infrared radiator.Iyo chubhu yechubhu-mhando infrared radiation sosi inogadzirwa nequartz girazi ine tungsten waya pakati, saka inonziwo quartz chubhu-mhando infrared radiator.Iyo wavelength yemwenje infrared inoburitswa nemhando yemwenje uye chubhu mhando iri muhuwandu hwe0.7 kusvika 3 microns, uye tembiricha yekushanda yakadzikira.Iyo mwaranzi yepamusoro yeplate-mhando infrared radiation source inzvimbo yakati sandara, iyo inoumbwa neplate yekudzivirira yakatsetseka.Pamberi pendiro yekupikisa yakaputirwa nezvinhu zvine coefficient yakakura yekuratidzira, uye rutivi rwekumashure rwakaputirwa nechinhu chine chidiki chekuratidzira, saka mazhinji emagetsi ekupisa anovhenekerwa kubva kumberi.Tembiricha yekushanda yerudzi rwendiro inogona kusvika kupfuura 1000 ℃, uye inogona kushandiswa kuvharisa zvinhu zvesimbi uye welds emapaipi makuru-diameter nemidziyo.
Nemhaka yokuti mwenje ye infrared ine simba rekupinda mukati, inotorwa nyore nyore nezvinhu, uye kana yangobatwa nezvinhu, inobva yashandurwa kuva simba rekupisa;simba rekushaya simba risati rasvika uye mushure mekupisa infrared idiki, tembiricha iri nyore kudzora, uye kunaka kwekudziya kwakakwira.Nokudaro, kushandiswa kwekushisa kwe infrared kwakakura nokukurumidza.
Kupisa Kwepakati
Iyo insulating material inodziyirwa ne high frequency electric field.Chinhu chikuru chekudziya ndiyo dielectric.Kana iyo dielectric yaiswa mune inochinjika yemagetsi munda, inodzokororwa polarized (pasi pekuita kwemunda wemagetsi, iyo nzvimbo kana mukati meiyo dielectric ichave yakaenzana uye yakatarisana nemhosva), nokudaro ichishandura simba remagetsi mumunda wemagetsi kuita. kupisa simba.
Kuwanda kwenzvimbo yemagetsi inoshandiswa pakupisa dielectric yakanyanya.Mukati, mapfupi-wave uye e-ultra-short-wave mabhendi, iyo frequency inobva kumazana akati wandei kilohertz kusvika 300 MHz, inodaidzwa kuti high-frequency medium heat.Kana yakakwira kupfuura 300 MHz uye ichisvika kubhandi remicrowave, inonzi microwave yepakati kupisa.Kazhinji high-frequency dielectric heat inoitwa mumunda wemagetsi pakati pemapuranga maviri epolar;nepo microwave dielectric heat inoitwa mune waveguide, resonant cavity kana pasi pekuvhenekesa kweradiation field yemicrowave antenna.
Kana iyo dielectric ichidziya mumunda wemagetsi wepamusoro-soro, simba remagetsi rinotorwa pachiyero cheyuniti P=0.566fEεrtgδ×10 (W/cm)
Kana inoratidzwa maererano nekupisa, ingave:
H=1.33fEertgδ×10 (cal/sec·cm)
apo f ndiyo frequency ye-high-frequency electric field, εr ndiyo inobvumirwa kubvumirwa kwe dielectric, δ ndiyo dielectric loss angle, uye E ndiyo simba remunda wemagetsi.Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mugwaro rekuti simba remagetsi rinotorwa ne dielectric kubva ku high-frequency electric field rinoenderana nesquare yesimba remagetsi E, frequency f yendima yemagetsi, uye kurasikirwa kwekona δ ye dielectric. .E uye f inotemerwa nenzvimbo yemagetsi yakashandiswa, nepo εr zvinoenderana nemidziyo ye dielectric pachayo.Nokudaro, zvinhu zvekupisa kwepakati zvinonyanya zvinhu zvine kurasikirwa kukuru kwepakati.
Mukupisa kwe dielectric, sezvo kupisa kunogadzirwa mukati me dielectric (chinhu chinofanira kupisa), kukurumidza kupisa kunokurumidza, kupisa kwekushisa kwakakwirira, uye kupisa kwakafanana nekuenzaniswa nekumwe kupisa kwekunze.
Kupisa kweMedia kunogona kushandiswa muindasitiri kupisa gels inopisa, zviyo zvakaoma, bepa, huni, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvefibrous;inogonawo kupisa mapurasitiki asati aumbwa, pamwe chete nerubha vulcanization uye kusungirirwa kwehuni, plastiki, nezvimwewo. Nokusarudza zvakakodzera magetsi emunda frequency uye mudziyo, zvinokwanisika kupisa chete adhesive pakupisa plywood, pasina kukanganisa plywood pachayo. .Kune homogeneous zvinhu, kupisa kwakawanda kunogoneka.
Jiangsu Weineng Electric Co., Ltd inyanzvi inogadzira emhando dzakasiyana dzemaindasitiri emagetsi hita, zvese zvakagadzirirwa mufekitori yedu, ndapota unogona kugovera zvaunoda zvakadzama, tobva tatarisa zvakadzama tokuitira dhizaini.
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Nguva yekutumira: Mar-11-2022